Logical Conditions & if/else in R

Interactive beginner R tutorial on logical conditions: comparison operators, & | ! and %in%, if/else blocks and the vectorized ifelse(). Run real R in your browser.

Every filter, every decision your code makes, rests on a TRUE or FALSE test. Everything below is a live R console — edit the code and press Run Code.

Watch: logical conditions & if/else

Comparisons, combining them with &/|/%in%, and branching with if/else and the vectorized ifelse().

Download the R script  Â·  â–¶ Practice in the playground — or edit and run each snippet below.

Comparisons return TRUE / FALSE

>, <, == (equal) and != (not equal) test a condition — element by element on a vector:

Combine conditions

& is and, | is or, ! is not, and %in% tests membership in a set:

if / else

Run one block when a single condition is true, another when it’s false:

ifelse() works on a whole vector

When you need an answer per element, use ifelse() — the workhorse for recoding data:

Your turn

Next: Data frames → — R’s table for real datasets.